File connections

File connections define the data sources for DataMasque to read from and data destinations for the masked files to be written.

• Overwriting Data
• Supported connection types
• Supported file types
• Add a new file connection
• View and edit file connections
• Delete file connections
• Configuring access between DataMasque and AWS S3 Buckets
  • Simple IAM Access Policy
  • Cross-Account Functionality
  • For AWS EC2 instances
  • For AWS EKS clusters
  • For non-EC2 machines
• Configuring source files for Mounted Shares
  • NFS
  • AWS EFS

Overwriting Data

DataMasque will overwrite data in the destination with masked data from the source. If a file is in the source but is not masked by DataMasque (for example, if a skip or include rule has been applied) then that file will not be copied to the destination.

DataMasque does not perform any synchronisation of directory contents between source and destination. That is, if a file exists in the destination but not in the source, the destination file remains untouched. DataMasque will not remove files from the destination that do not exist in the source.

Supported connection types

DataMasque supports the following data sources or data destinations:

• AWS S3 Bucket
• Azure Blob Storage
• Mounted Share

AWS S3 Buckets

For security best practices, DataMasque will not mask to or from an S3 Bucket that is publicly accessible. A bucket is considered public if:

• It has ACL settings BlockPublicAcls, BlockPublicPolicy, IgnorePublicAcls, or RestrictPublicBuckets set to false or missing; or
• It has a PolicyStatus of IsPublic; or
• It has public ACL grants.

Additionally, if any file in the S3 Bucket has a Glacier AWS Storage Class, it will be skipped during any masking or discovery task.

Any files skipped for this reason will be logged in the Run Log, and, for file discovery tasks, as a skip reason in the Run Report.

While these are not requirements, we also recommend that:

• Server side encryption (SSE-S3) is enabled for the bucket.
• S3 versioning is disabled.

Azure Blob Storage Containers

For security, DataMasque will not mask to or from a Blob Container that is publicly accessible. A container is considered public if:

• It has a blob public access policy; or
• It has a container public access policy.

Mounted Shares

DataMasque will mask the files inside the /var/datamasque-mounts directory on the host machine. These can be network shares that have been mounted into the directory, other directories that have been symlinked in, or even files that have been copied into this location.

Support has been confirmed for masking files on the following servers:

• AWS EFS NFS Server
• AWS FSx for NetApp ONTAP
• AWS FSx for Windows File Server
• Samba SMB
• Linux NFS Kernel Server

Other file servers and protocols may work but are not officially supported by DataMasque.

Supported file types

DataMasque supports masking the following files types:

Object File Types

• JSON
• XML
• Other text-files*

* Only full-file redaction available for other text-based files.

Use a mask_file task to mask object files.

Multi-Record Object File Types

• NDJSON
• Avro

Use a mask_file task to mask multi-record object files.

Tabular File Types

• Character-Delimited (Comma Separated Values, Tab Delimited Values or other arbitrary character)
• Parquet
• Fixed-Width

Use mask_tabular_file task to mask tabular files.

Add a new file connection

To add a file connection (Data source/Data destination), click the    button from Data Sources panel or Data Destinations of the File masking dashboard.

Use the form to configure the file connection parameters. You may validate that the connection parameters are correct using the Test Connection button. This will attempt a connection using the provided parameters. If the connection fails, an error will be shown with the failure details. The Test button is also available from the dashboard.

You can also use utility buttons inside the dropdown next to the Save and Exit button. These buttons combine multiple actions in a single click:

• Test, Save, and Exit: This option allows you to test the connection, save it, and exit the page in one step.
• Save & Go To Ruleset Generator: This option allows you to test the connection, save it, and then navigate to the File Ruleset Generator page with the newly created connection.

Connection Parameters

Standard parameters

Connection name	A unique name for the connection across the DataMasque instance. May only contain alphanumeric characters and underscores.
Connection type	The type of the data source. Available options: AWS S3 Bucket, Azure Blob Storage or Mounted Share.
Base directory	The base directory containing target files to mask or for masked files to be written. To mask all files in a source (Bucket, Container or Mounted Share), leave this blank.
Usable as	Select if the file connections is usable as a Source, Destination, or both Source & Destination.

Connections that are usable as Source only have data read from them for masking. Those marked as Destination are only written to. Any marked as Source & Destination can have data read from or written to. This option also affects which of the Source or Destination columns the connection appears in.

Connection Specific parameters

AWS S3 Bucket

For AWS S3 Bucket connections, the following field is required:

Bucket name	The name of the S3 bucket where the files to be masked are stored.

If Cross account access is enabled the following parameter is also required:

IAM Role ARN	The IAM Role ARN with access to the bucket.

For more information please refer to the cross-account documentation.

Azure Blob Storage

For Azure Blob Storage connections, the following fields are required:

Container name	The name of the Azure Blob Storage Container where the files to be masked are stored.
Connection string	The connection string configured with the authorization information to access data in your Azure Storage account.

The Connection string can be found in the Azure Portal under Security > Access keys for the Storage Account for the container. It will look something like:

DefaultEndpointsProtocol=https;AccountName=accountnameqaz123;AccountKey=SARJXXMtehNFxKI3CQRFNUchRloiGVVWYDETTydbcERISktTKUw=;EndpointSuffix=core.windows.net

View and edit file connections

To edit a connection, click the edit () button for the connection you wish to edit in the Connections panel of the File masking dashboard.

A full list of connection parameters can be found under Connection Parameters.

Delete file connections

To delete a connection, open the connection for editing (see View and edit file connections) and click the Delete button. You will be prompted for confirmation before the connection is deleted. A connection can also be deleted from the dashboard by clicking the trashcan icon.

Note:

• Deleting a connection only deletes it from the side it was deleted from, e.g. If a connection is present on both
• sources and destinations, after deleting the connection from the destinations, it will still be present as a source.

Configuring access between DataMasque and AWS S3 Buckets

DataMasque requires AWS credentials to access AWS S3 buckets, in order to mask or discover files.

The following guide gives two examples for IAM policies for accessing S3 buckets.

For more advanced cross account IAM policies, refer to the cross account functionality documentation.

First, a simple IAM policy for access to an S3 bucket in the same AWS account where DataMasque resides. Then, a guide for configuring cross-account S3 access is given. The particular policy you will need to create depends on your account configuration.

After creating the policy, how you attach it to your DataMasque instance will differ depending on if it is running on EC2, EKS, or some other platform.

The example policies can be configured through the Amazon IAM console, or by using the AWS CLI with the aws iam create-policy command.

Simple IAM Access Policy

This policy allows access to a bucket in the same account as the policy/role.

{
  "Version": "2012-10-17",
  "Statement": [
    {
      "Sid": "BucketPermissionCheck",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "s3:ListBucket",
        "s3:GetBucketAcl",
        "s3:GetBucketPolicyStatus",
        "s3:GetBucketPublicAccessBlock",
        "s3:GetBucketObjectLockConfiguration"
        ],
      "Resource": ["arn:aws:s3:::<bucket-name>"]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "BucketReadWrite",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "s3:PutObject",
        "s3:GetObject"
      ],
      "Resource": ["arn:aws:s3:::<bucket-name>/*"]
    }
  ]
}

Note: The Sid attributes are optional and are left here to indicate the effect of the statements.

When specifying different buckets for source and destination connections, the policy can be split to only give the relevant permissions to each bucket. Please refer below to the IAM policy that will grant only the necessary permissions to <source-bucket> and <destination-bucket> buckets.

{
    "Version": "2012-10-17",
    "Statement": [
        {
            "Sid": "SourceBucketRead",
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": "s3:GetObject",
            "Resource": "arn:aws:s3:::<source-bucket>/*"
        },
       {
            "Sid": "SourceBucketPermissionCheck",
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
              "s3:ListBucket",
              "s3:GetBucketAcl",
              "s3:GetBucketPolicyStatus",
              "s3:GetBucketPublicAccessBlock"
            ],
            "Resource": [
                "arn:aws:s3:::<source-bucket>"
            ]
        },
        {
            "Sid": "DestinationBucketWrite",
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
                "s3:PutObject"
            ],
            "Resource": "arn:aws:s3:::<destination-bucket>/*"
        },
        {
            "Sid": "DestinationBucketSecurityCheck",
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
              "s3:ListBucket",
              "s3:GetBucketAcl",
              "s3:GetBucketPolicyStatus",
              "s3:GetBucketPublicAccessBlock",
              "s3:GetBucketObjectLockConfiguration"

            ],
            "Resource": [
                "arn:aws:s3:::<destination-bucket>"
            ]
        }
    ]
}

Note: The Sid attributes are optional and are left here to indicate the effect of the statements.

For AWS EC2 instances

Your Amazon S3 Bucket must have read-write access to the S3 bucket configured on your connections.

1. Create an IAM role:

   • Select AWS service as the trusted identity, EC2 as the use case.
   • Attach the policy created from one of the previous steps to the role.
   • If using the Cross-Account IAM Access Policy, make sure the name of the role matches that of the policy in the target account(s)

2. Open the Amazon EC2 console:

   • Choose Instances.
   • Select the instance that you want to attach the IAM role to.
   • Choose the Actions tab, choose Security and then choose Modify IAM role.
   • Select the IAM role to attach to your EC2 instance.
   • Finally, choose Save.

Instance Metadata Service (IMDS) Settings

DataMasque supports both IMDSv1 and IMDSv2.

When using IMDSv2 the hop limit must be set to at least 2. If it is set to 1 then DataMasque will not be able to retrieve the IAM role for the EC2 instance, and you will receive AccessDenied errors when performing S3 file masking. Please refer to the AWS IMDSv2 guide for more information about how IDMSv2 works and how to set the hop limit.

For more information relating to setting up access between DataMasque and AWS EC2 instances, please refer to the following AWS Documentation

For AWS EKS clusters

Create the IAM policy specific to your account setup as per one of the instructions above (simple or cross-account).

Then, attach the policy to the EKS cluster using a service account. This can be done by following Step 11 in the EKS cluster configuration guide.

The IAM Policy ARN can be retrieved from the AWS Console. The role ARN used in the target bucket policy should match the --role-name argument supplied when attaching the service account.

For example, specifying the role name eks-datamasque-sa-role will create a role with ARN arn:aws:iam::111111111111:role/eks-datamasque-sa-role.

The ARN arn:aws:iam::111111111111:role/eks-datamasque-sa-role should be used in place of arn:aws:iam::111111111111:role/DM-Role in the target account policy example shown above.

For non-EC2 machines

1. Access the machine where DataMasque is running, either via SSH or other means.

2. Install AWS CLI and configure your own credentials:

   curl "https://awscli.amazonaws.com/awscli-exe-linux-x86_64.zip" -o "awscliv2.zip"
   sudo yum install -y unzip
   unzip awscliv2.zip
   sudo ./aws/install
   aws configure
   

3. Enter your AWS Credentials.

4. Test the connection to reach the S3 bucket.

Configuring source files for Mounted Shares

During installation, DataMasque will create the /var/datamasque-mounts directory on the DataMasque host machine. Files to be masked can be accessed via this folder using a Mounted Share connection:

• NFS, SMB, etc. volumes can be mounted to a subdirectory inside /var/datamasque-mounts.
• Files can be copied or symlinked into the directory.

The Base directory of a Mounted Share connection will be relative to /var/datamasque-mounts.

Permissions

The system user in the DataMasque container maps to a system user on the host virtual machine, matched on user ID (not username).

The user in the container has ID 1000 which means that access to files on the host system will be determined by permissions of the user with ID 1000 on the host.

Therefore, to allow masking of files inside mounted shares, they should be readable/writable by users with ID 1000 on the host virtual machine.

SELinux permissions for Podman

For Podman to access mounted shares, they are required to be mounted with the system_u:object_r:container_file_t:s0 context. This is passed to the mount command with the -o argument. For example, to mount an NFS volume with this context:

  sudo mount -t nfs -o context="system_u:object_r:container_file_t:s0" nfs-host:/mnt/sharedfolder /var/datamasque-mounts/nfs-share

Depending on your server (NFS, SMB, etc.) you may need to include other options as part of the -o flag too.

For more information see the Red Hat SELinux docs on Mounting File Systems.

Examples

Note: If file systems are mounted while the containers are running, the containers might need to be restarted to become available. This can be done with the Restarting DataMasque command.

NFS

To mask files in an NFS share:

1. Create a mount directory inside /var/datamasque-mounts. For example:

   mkdir /var/datamasque-mounts/nfs-share
   

2. Mount the NFS shared directory to nfs-share directory using the normal mount command:

   sudo mount -t nfs nfs-host:/mnt/sharedfolder /var/datamasque-mounts/nfs-share
   

3. Create a source connection with a connection type set to Mounted Share with the Base directory configured to nfs-share.

4. Create a destination connection to contain the masked files, or set the source connection to a destination as well to mask in place.

5. Perform masking.

6. The masked files will be placed at the specified location of the destination connection.

AWS EFS

Guides for mounting and managing the access points for AWS EFS:

• Mounting on Amazon EC2 Linux instances using the EFS mount helper
• Working with users, groups, and permissions at the Network File System (NFS) Level